Thermal ablative therapies are standard treatments for localized hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

热消融治疗是局部肝细胞癌(HCC)的标准治疗方法。

 

 In addition to local tumor destruction, ablation leads to abscopal effects in distant lesions most likely mediated by an anti-tumor immune response.

除了局部肿瘤的破坏外，消融还会导致远处病变的作用，这很可能是由抗肿瘤免疫反应介导的。

 

 Although microwave ablation (MWA) is increasingly substituting other ablative techniques, its systemic immunostimulatory effects are poorly studied.

虽然微波消融(MWA)越来越多地取代了其他消融技术，但对其全身免疫刺激作用的研究较少。

 

 We analyzed tumor-specific immune responses in peripheral blood of HCC patients after thermal ablation with regard to T cell responses and disease outcome.

我们分析了热消融后HCC患者外周血中肿瘤特异性免疫反应的T细胞反应和疾病结果。

 

 While comprehensive flow cytometric analyses in sequential samples of a prospective patient cohort (n = 23) demonstrated only moderate effects of MWA on circulating immune cell subsets, fluorospot analyses of specific T cell responses against seven tumor-associated antigens (TTAs) revealed de-novo or enhanced tumor-specific immune responses in 30% of patients.

虽然对前瞻性患者队列(n=23)的连续样本的全面流式细胞术分析显示MWA对循环免疫细胞亚群的中度影响，但对7种肿瘤相关抗原(TTAs)的特定T细胞反应的荧光点分析显示，30%的患者存在从头或增强的肿瘤特异性免疫反应。

 

 This anti-tumor immune response was related to tumor control as Interferon-y and Interleukin-5 T cell responses against TAAs were more frequent in patients with a long-time remission (> 1 year) after MWA (7/16) compared to patients suffering from an early relapse (0/13 patients) and presence of tumor-specific T cell response (IFN-y and/or IL-5) was associated to longer progression-free survival (27.5 vs 10.0 months).

这种抗肿瘤免疫反应与肿瘤控制相关，因为MWA患者（7/16）对TAA的T细胞反应更频繁，且肿瘤特异性T细胞反应（IFN-y和/或IL-5）与更长的无进展生存期相关（27.5 vs.10.0月）

 

 Digital image analysis of immunohistochemically stained archival HCC samples (n = 18) of patients receiving combined MWA and resection revealed a superior disease-free survival of patients with high T cell abundance at the time of thermal ablation (37.4 vs.13.1 months).

对接受MWA和切除的患者进行免疫组化染色的HCC样本(n=18)的数字图像分析显示，在热消融时，高T细胞丰度的患者具有更好的无病生存率(37.4 vs. 13.1个月)。

 

 Our data demonstrates remarkable immune-related effects of MWA in HCC patients and provides additional evidence for a combination of local ablation and immunotherapy in this challenging disease.

我们的数据显示了MWA在HCC患者中显著的免疫相关效应，并为局部消融和免疫治疗治疗这种具有挑战性的疾病提供了额外的证据。